Thirty-one school districts in New Jersey, including Hoboken, currently receive state funds for free pre-K 3 and 4 programs in the public schools.
Now, some legislators hope to increase the number past 100 (approximately a sixth of the state’s districts) so that low-income parents in the other towns won’t have to pay for early child-care services either.
The School Funding Reform Act of 2008 mandated that 31 districts with a certain number of “at-risk” students offer full-day preschool for 3- and 4-year-old children.
Democratic legislators introduced a bill this past February to offer money to additional districts to institute these programs.
The legislature would allocate $110 million from the state’s Property Tax Relief Fund to the Department of Education to advance the initiative of additional full-day preschool programs.
“It’s not going to be easy…but I think this is the beginning of an important discussion,” said Secaucus-based Assembly Speaker Vincent Prieto at an event at School 17 in Clifton, N.J. on Feb. 9. Prieto, whose district includes East Newark, Edgewater, Fairview, Guttenberg, Harrison, Kearny, North Bergen, Secaucus, and West New York, is one of the sponsors of the bill, introduced on Feb. 8.
Other sponsors are Assemblywoman Betty Lou DeCroce (R-Morris), Assemblywoman Mila Jasey (D-27th Dist.), and Assemblyman Patrick Diegnan (D-18th Dist.)
The bill is now in committee, according to an official from Prieto’s office, as legislators work to flesh out next fiscal year’s state budget.
“Of 800 students this year, our waiting list fluctuated between 11 and 38 children at various times.” – Superintendent Christine Johnson
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How it’s going in Hoboken
Parents in the 31 districts offering the programs have taken advantage. Hoboken’s preschool program for instance services roughly 800 students in 53 classrooms. In addition to teaching 11 classes at public schools, the district has 20 classrooms operated by HOPES and 22 by the Mile Square Early Learning Center.
There has been talk for several years about whether the program will continue in districts like Hoboken – where a large high-earning population has moved in – since the program was mainly intended to provide a “head start” to children in low-income families. The districts do not discriminate by income in terms of who gets to take advantage, so all of the students benefit.
Superintendent Christine Johnson said that today, Hoboken’s preschool population is “predominantly not economically disadvantaged.”
Johnson said that the funding varies from year to year.
“We are funded for the number of children enrolled in preschool from the year prior,” Johnson said in an interview. “Because the funding is predicated upon known enrollment from the previous year and predictions for future enrollment,” she said, there are times when new families move into the community after the registration dates and are placed on a waiting list.
“Of 800 students this year, our waiting list fluctuated between 11 and 38 children at various times,” she said.
She noted that the district is waiting to hear back from the Department of Education after requesting additional funding for classes next year.
Johnson said there is currently “no indication” that the Hoboken programs are in any jeopardy.
In Jersey City, the program is similarly popular. All parents in the Jersey City district will get placement in state-paid pre-K if they apply in time, but one program has drawn long waitlists.
Last May, over a dozen parents lined up outside of Jersey City’s Concordia Childhood Learning Center for nearly 48 hours to take advantage of one of 90 free state-paid pre-K spots for 3-year-olds. Concordia Childhood Learning Center is one of 38 preschool programs commissioned by the Jersey City Board of Education.
Placement for some, a wait list for others
“Pre-K is an important building block in our necessary work to fight poverty in New Jersey. In my own district, there are five communities that have immediate need for 3- and 4- year olds pre-K and would benefit from expansion: East Newark, Fairview, Guttenberg, Kearny and North Bergen,” said Prieto, introducing the bill. Bayonne and Weehawken are also on the list to receive the program, should the bill become law.
“As the leader of the Assembly, Speaker Prieto has been fighting to break the cycle of poverty throughout the state,” said Sam Crane of pre-K Our Way, a statewide non-profit that supports the bill. “A solid foundation of preschool education is a pathway to that end goal, providing kids with important developmental tools and skills that they may not have access to otherwise.”
In Bayonne, all 11 elementary schools offer half-day preschool with morning and afternoon sessions for 4-year-olds (from 8:40 a.m. to 11:20 or 12:10 to 2:50 p.m.) But parents of 3-year-olds have to pay for private day care or pre-school if they want to get an early start.
“If there was funding for full-day programs that’d be wonderful. It’s vital for students to begin at a young age especially so that any learning disabilities can be identified early on,” Bayonne Superintendent Patricia McGeehan told the Reporter.
McGeehan said about 450 students are in the pre-K program but when registration time rolls around for kindergarten, 700 students or more sign up. She says this is a clear indication that if a full-day preschool program was in place more parents – those who don’t opt for the pre-K program – would register their children.
“Half-day doesn’t work for some parents, who can’t get out of work in the middle of the day to pick up their children,” added McGeehan, before noting that there is no wait list in Bayonne.
There are two “fee-based” programs that provide an all-day preschool program for $425 a month at Nicholas Oresko and Midtown Community School.
The Board of Education did not respond to emails by press time as to whether there is a waiting list for these programs.
“I commend Assembly Speaker Prieto because I think action needs to be taken,” said McGeehan.
SIDEBAR:
Abbot vs. Burke: How it came about
Many school districts struggle to support K-12 education as it is, without adding preschool. A state law implemented in 2008 originally was to include 100 districts in the free pre-K program, but the state lacked funds, according to media reports.
A statewide advocacy group, Pre-K Our Way, says, “Access to pre-K shouldn’t depend upon a child’s zip code.” But finding a funding source for universal pre-K remains a sore spot for lawmakers.
In 1981, the state’s Education Law Center (ELC), a public interest law firm specializing in state education reform, filed a complaint in the Superior Court on the behalf of 20 children attending public schools in New Jersey cities including Jersey City, East Orange, and Irvington.
The purpose of the suit, which ultimately became the Abbott v. Burke case, was to challenge the state’s system of financing public education under the Public School Education Act of 1975.
As it stood, children in wealthy school districts with huge school budgets were seen as getting a much better education than those in the poorer towns.
The ELC sued because the state funding formula “caused significant expenditure disparities between poor urban and wealthy suburban school districts, and poorer urban districts were unable to adequately meet the educational needs of their students.”
A series of court decisions forced the state to provide a “thorough and efficient” education in 31 of New Jersey’s poorest communities, equivalent to that provided in other towns.
The funds mandated in the series of decisions are intended to pay for K-12, universal preschool for all 3- and 4-year old children, supplemental or at-risk programs and funding, and school by school reform of curriculum and instruction.
“Abbott” school districts are officially referred to as SDA districts (New Jersey Schools Development Authority) after the authority was established in 2007. – SR
Steven Rodas can be reached at srodas@hudsonreporter.com.